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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: pain, Pain can be Acute - Post operative - Recent fall 28, Negative Effects 28 can be Long term - Acute pain can become chronic - Psychological variables - Withdrawal - Impaired mobility - ↓ activity engagement - ↑ health care use, Multimodal Pain Management 57 A,B,C,D,E,G,H,M is influenced by Factors Affecting Pain Management Process I, Multimodal Pain Management 57 A,B,C,D,E,G,H,M such as Pharmaceutical - CPNB - Epideral - Opioids ? - NSAID ? 1,9,20,43,44,68, Acute - Post operative - Recent fall 28 must be Assessed 38 J,K,L,M, Pain can have Negative Effects 28, Multimodal Pain Management 57 A,B,C,D,E,G,H,M such as Non Pharmaceutical - Relaxation - Distraction - Cold 28,19,79, Pharmaceutical - CPNB - Epideral - Opioids ? - NSAID ? 1,9,20,43,44,68 can optimize Goal of Pain Control - More rapid recovery - Facilitate return to optimal function - Promote early mobilization - Allow for prompt discharge - Maintain QOL and comfort - Prevent chronic pain, Health care staff - pain knowledge - beliefs - perceptions - fear E,F can be Patient - Different reaction & report of pain - Expectations - Concerned of being labeled - Fear of the meaning/addiction C,L, Pain can be Acute - Post operative - Recent fall 28, Chronic - Osteoarthritis - Previous TKR 28 must be Assessed 38 J,K,L,M, Negative Effects 28 can be Short Term - Emotional & physical suffering - Sleep disturbance - Cardiovasculare effects - Impaired bowel movement - Effects on repiratory function - Delayed mobilization which promotes thrombosis - Loss of strength - Delayed rehabilitation - Malnutrition - Gait disturbances, Pharmaceutical - CPNB - Epideral - Opioids ? - NSAID ? 1,9,20,43,44,68 can optimize Goal of Pain Control - More rapid recovery - Facilitate return to optimal function - Promote early mobilization - Allow for prompt discharge - Maintain QOL and comfort - Prevent chronic pain, Non Pharmaceutical - Relaxation - Distraction - Cold 28,19,79 can optimize Goal of Pain Control - More rapid recovery - Facilitate return to optimal function - Promote early mobilization - Allow for prompt discharge - Maintain QOL and comfort - Prevent chronic pain, Pharmaceutical - CPNB - Epideral - Opioids ? - NSAID ? 1,9,20,43,44,68 can optimize Goal of Pain Control - More rapid recovery - Facilitate return to optimal function - Promote early mobilization - Allow for prompt discharge - Maintain QOL and comfort - Prevent chronic pain, Multimodal Pain Management 57 A,B,C,D,E,G,H,M is influenced by Factors Affecting Pain Management Process I, Health care staff - pain knowledge - beliefs - perceptions - fear E,F can be Factors Impeding Effective Pain Control 28, 38, Health care staff - pain knowledge - beliefs - perceptions - fear E,F can be Patient - Different reaction & report of pain - Expectations - Concerned of being labeled - Fear of the meaning/addiction C,L, Health care staff - pain knowledge - beliefs - perceptions - fear E,F can be Factors Impeding Effective Pain Control 28, 38, Health care staff - pain knowledge - beliefs - perceptions - fear E,F can be Factors Impeding Effective Pain Control 28, 38