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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Haven_HOA2_Discovery of DNA, 1953 Watson and Crick (seen in the background), with the "help" of Roseland Franklin discover through X-Ray crystallography, as well as by understanding of Chargaff's rule discovered that DNA is an inversed double stranded molecule. With A-T and G-C Binding, it also obeyed Chargaff's rule. The structure of DNA had been elucidated and actually, became excepted. They published their breakthrough paper, changing forever the way that we look at DNA and inheritance. Along with Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Noble Prize in 1962. (FN1) ???? Rosalind Franklin photographed the structure of DNA by X-Ray diffraction and gave empirical evidence that DNA was in fact in a helical structure Sadly, she had died of ovarian cancer before the Nobel Prize was awarded. (FN3), 1878 & 1882 Walther Flemming published papers in which he discovered mitosis, and therefore, chromosomes while looking at cell division. This led him to understand that all cell nuclei from a previous progenitor. This started a trend among scientists to look more closely at the nature of inheritance. (FN2) ???? 1902 Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri create the Boveri-Sutton Chromosome theory when they "rediscover" Mendels works alongside the findings of Flemming. They were the first to realize that chromosomes pass genetic information from generation to generation and that this information was contained in genes. (FN2), 1952 Hershey-Chase discover that DNA and not amino acids are the mechanisms of inheritance. This was discovered by using radio-labeled bacteriophage to transfer cells. When no sulfur was not detected in future cells but radioactive phosphorus was, it was proved that DNA alone has the genetic capability to transfer heredity. Finally, DNA was the excepted model for the transfer of inheritance. (FN1) ???? 1953 Race for the Structure of DNA Two groups, Watson and Crick and Linus Pauling race to discover the structure of DNA (A double stranded and triple stranded model respectively). (FN1), 1953 Race for the Structure of DNA Two groups, Watson and Crick and Linus Pauling race to discover the structure of DNA (A double stranded and triple stranded model respectively). (FN1) ???? 1953 Watson and Crick (seen in the background), with the "help" of Roseland Franklin discover through X-Ray crystallography, as well as by understanding of Chargaff's rule discovered that DNA is an inversed double stranded molecule. With A-T and G-C Binding, it also obeyed Chargaff's rule. The structure of DNA had been elucidated and actually, became excepted. They published their breakthrough paper, changing forever the way that we look at DNA and inheritance. Along with Maurice Wilkins were awarded the Noble Prize in 1962. (FN1), 1928 Frederick Griffith experimented with bacteria and rats to show that bacteria can undergo transformation, and therefore transfer genetic information. This was completed by using different living and dead strains of bacteria and injecting them into mice. The non-virulent bacteria were able to transform partials of the virulent strain sot that it was "useful again." Though his findings were not accepted by the scientific community he was the first to suggest that genetic information can be transfered from one cell to another. (FN2) ???? 1944 Avery, McLeod, McCarty furthered Griffith's experiment and showed that genetic transformation occurs in the DNA. This was done by following Griffith's same idea, except using quantifiable precipitates to show that transformation had indeed occurred. They were the first to conclude that DNA was the mechanism for inheritance, thought the majority of scientist did not believe them. (FN1), 1902 Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri create the Boveri-Sutton Chromosome theory when they "rediscover" Mendels works alongside the findings of Flemming. They were the first to realize that chromosomes pass genetic information from generation to generation and that this information was contained in genes. (FN2) ???? 1928 Frederick Griffith experimented with bacteria and rats to show that bacteria can undergo transformation, and therefore transfer genetic information. This was completed by using different living and dead strains of bacteria and injecting them into mice. The non-virulent bacteria were able to transform partials of the virulent strain sot that it was "useful again." Though his findings were not accepted by the scientific community he was the first to suggest that genetic information can be transfered from one cell to another. (FN2), 1950 Erwin Chargaff discovers that in any amount of DNA there are equal amounts of adenosine to thymine (purines) and cytosine to guanine (pyrimidines). (FN1) ???? 1952 Hershey-Chase discover that DNA and not amino acids are the mechanisms of inheritance. This was discovered by using radio-labeled bacteriophage to transfer cells. When no sulfur was not detected in future cells but radioactive phosphorus was, it was proved that DNA alone has the genetic capability to transfer heredity. Finally, DNA was the excepted model for the transfer of inheritance. (FN1), 1944 Avery, McLeod, McCarty furthered Griffith's experiment and showed that genetic transformation occurs in the DNA. This was done by following Griffith's same idea, except using quantifiable precipitates to show that transformation had indeed occurred. They were the first to conclude that DNA was the mechanism for inheritance, thought the majority of scientist did not believe them. (FN1) ???? 1950 Erwin Chargaff discovers that in any amount of DNA there are equal amounts of adenosine to thymine (purines) and cytosine to guanine (pyrimidines). (FN1)