Sima Qian completes "Shiji" or "Records of the Grand Historian". This book is important because it is one of the first written historical accounts of the ancient Chinese civilization.
The ancient Chinese invent paper.
Zhang Heng invents the seismograph.
The Qin dynasty is overthrown. The Han dynasty is established and rule for the next 200 years. The Chinese empire expands into current day Korea, Vietnam, and western China. This dynasty is marked by the rulings of Confucian scholars. Also, this dynasty firmly established the main qualities of current day Chinese culture.
Qin Shi Huang Di dies and is buried near present day Xi'an. His tomb was filled with hundreds of terra-cotta warriors, each created by hand and expressing a different personality. He also had jewels and fine art buried in his tomb.
The Qin state is triumphant over the rest of the warring states. Qin Shi Huang Di founds the first dynasty that rules over a unified China. This dynasty is guided by Legalist principles and rules repressively.
Confucius's disciples complete the book, "Analects". This book is a collection of his teachings and helps to spread Confucianism.
Alexander the Great conquered Egypt.
Last use of hieroglyphic writing.
The Warring States Period: The seven major states fight against one another continually. They are each trying to fight for supremacy and the chance to rule over the entire civilization.
Persia conquers the Indus River Valley.
Confucius is born.
Egypt conquered by Arabs.
The Spring and Autumn period occurs. There is continual warfare between the smaller states because of the lack of a strong, central government.
City of Cairo founded.
The Aryan people of the north begin there migration south into the Indus River Valley.
The Zhou dynasty ruled the ancient civilization. In the Zhou dynasty, bells were important and were used in religious ceremonies. It was believed that the sounds of the bells were prayer messengers. Farmers participated in well-farming. The development of martial arts also flourished in this dynasty.
Upper and Lower Egypt split at the end of the New Kingdom period.
Tutankhamun became pharaoh.
The Shang dynasty controlled the ancient civilization of China. The Shang dynasty favored war and expanded the foundations laid by the Xia dynasty. The Shang were the first to develop large cities that had temples, palaces, workshops, and military camps. Bronze played a significant role in the Shang dynasty.
Babylonians ruled Mesopotamia under King Hammurabi (known for Hammurabi's Code)
The Indus River Valley shows signs of decline, from various sources such as climate change, border conflicts and extreme weather conditions.
Assyrians ruled Mesopotamia
The Xia dynasty, which was once thought to be mythical, flourishes and controls the ancient civilization. Proof of the dynasty can be found in oracle bones. Oracle bones were used to predict outcomes of certain questions. Oracle bones are also the first form of writing found in the ancient Chinese civilization.
Trade with the Near East is most evident to have started around 2000 B.C. with agriculture, pottery and some technology.
Start of the Middle Kingdom (era of pharaohs).
One of the most important economic goods of ancient China started to be produced. Crude early bronze objects were made.
Sumerian people in Mesopotamia were taken over by the Akkadians.
The Great Bath of Mohenjo-Daro is built. One of the first ancient public bath tub of it's time.
Mohenjo-Daro, the Indus River Valley city is built. This is one of 2 major cities in the Indus River Valley Civilization.
Indus River Valley begins to use a script system for trade and limited communication.
Harappa, a major city of the Indus River Valley begins to grow and prosper.
Pyramids of Giza built.
Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt; estimated date of first hieroglyphic writings.
Urbanization develops throughout the Indus Valley region
The wheel was invented in Mesopotamia (initially used as a potter’s wheel). The wheel has had signifcant impact on technology.
Written language invented in Mesopotamia
Early settlers in the Nile Valley.
The Sumer built temples called ziggurats in cities in Mesopotamia. Each city had its own particular god.
Early farming settlements began to take root in the valley.
Earliest signs of religion in the valley began to show.
Agriculture first begins to develop in Neolithic China along the banks of the Yellow River due to the silt deposits that made the soil rich with nutrients.
The Sumer people moved into Mesopotamia. This marked the beginning of civilization as nomadic peoples were able to cease hunting and gathering and instead begin agriculture and specialized labor.
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