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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: lab 4-equine lameness, PERINEURAL LOCAL ANAESTHETIC BLOCKS HORSES (Scroll Over) includes PASTERN SEMI-RING BLOCK, LOW PALMAR/PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK technique With the horse bearing weight, one needle is inserted into the palpable groove between the palmar/plantar aspect of the suspensory ligament and the dorsal surface of the deep digital flexor tendon, just distal to the ramus communicans. A second needle is inserted proximally and medially from the distal end of the second or fourth metacarpal/metatarsal bone onto the palmar/plantar periosteum of the third metacarpal/metatarsal bone., HIGH PALMAR NERVE BLOCK needle size 25 gauge, 5/8” (1.6 cm), ABAXIAL SESAMOID NERVE BLOCK anaesthetic volume 1.5 ml per site, PERINEURAL LOCAL ANAESTHETIC BLOCKS HORSES (Scroll Over) includes DEEP BRANCH OF THE LATERAL PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK, HIGH PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK locations blocked This block will desensitize the limb distal to the tarsometatarsal joint. However, it risks inadvertent injection of the tarsal sheath and the tarsometatarsal joint, DEEP BRANCH OF THE LATERAL PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK locations blocked This block will reliably desensitize the proximal suspensory ligament, PALMAR/PLANTAR DIGITAL NERVE BLOCK technique 1. With the limb held and the operator facing the horse’s rear, the needle is placed in a distal vector over the palmar/plantar aspect of palpable vein/artery/nerve bundle with entry ¼” proximal to collateral cartilage. 2. Loss of skin sensation over the heel indicates a successful block., DEEP BRANCH OF THE LATERAL PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK needle size 22 gauge, 1” (2.5 cm), PASTERN SEMI-RING BLOCK locations blocked This block anesthetizes the entire foot, including the dorsal aspect not affected by the palmar/plantar digital nerve block. It offers the advantage of avoiding the inadvertent desensitization of the fetlock joint that can sometimes occur with the abaxial (aka - basal) sesamoid block, HIGH PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK anaesthetic volume 3 ml per site, PERINEURAL LOCAL ANAESTHETIC BLOCKS HORSES (Scroll Over) includes HIGH PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK, PASTERN SEMI-RING BLOCK technique With the limb held and the operator facing the horse’s rear, insert the needle into the palmar/plantar mid-pastern perpendicular to the long axis of the pastern and direct the needle dorsally., ABAXIAL SESAMOID NERVE BLOCK needle size 25 gauge, 5/8” (1.6 cm), HIGH PALMAR NERVE BLOCK anaesthetic volume 3 ml per site, PERINEURAL LOCAL ANAESTHETIC BLOCKS HORSES (Scroll Over) includes LATERAL PALMAR NERVE BLOCK, PERINEURAL LOCAL ANAESTHETIC BLOCKS HORSES (Scroll Over) includes LOW PALMAR/PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK, LATERAL PALMAR NERVE BLOCK anaesthetic volume 25 gauge, 5/8” (1.5 cm), PALMAR/PLANTAR DIGITAL NERVE BLOCK locations blocked This block anesthetizes the distal interphalangeal joint, the sole and the navicular structures and soft tissues of the heel. In some cases, the block may also desensitize the digital portion of the deep digital flexor tendon and/or the proximal interphalangeal joint (incompletely). In a hind digit, desensitizing the dorsal aspect of the digit requires additional blocking of the dorsal metatarsal nerve., LOW PALMAR/PLANTAR NERVE BLOCK needle size 25 gauge, 5/8” (1.6 cm)