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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: CMAP9, Fluid Therapy Depending on the cause of colic IV fluids may be needed for several days until intestinal function has returned, electrolyte concentrations are balanced and the horse can maintain fluid needs by drinking. Horses in circulatory shock: as much as 20L in 1hr., SEMI CLOSED Done by Procedure (scroll over), Pain Relief In most cases of colic, pain is mild, and analgesia is all that is needed. In these instances, the cause of colic is presumed to be spasm of intestinal muscle or excessive gas in a portion of the intestine. Sedatives: xylazine, an α2-agonist. - Within a few minutes after administration, the horse stands quietly and is less responsive to pain (scroll over), Fluid Therapy Depending on the cause of colic IV fluids may be needed for several days until intestinal function has returned, electrolyte concentrations are balanced and the horse can maintain fluid needs by drinking. Lab tests done to determine the haemocon- centration and whether there is an electrolyte imbalance (scroll over), CRYPTORCHID diagnosis, Pain Relief In most cases of colic, pain is mild, and analgesia is all that is needed. In these instances, the cause of colic is presumed to be spasm of intestinal muscle or excessive gas in a portion of the intestine. NSAIDS: reduce the production of prostaglandins., EQUINE COLIC CAN BE MANAGED WITH MEDICAL TREATMENT, EQUINE CASTRATION (scroll over) before PRE OP, Intestinal Lubricants & Laxatives A common cause of colic is due to intestinal obstruction with dehydrated ingesta sometimes mixed with sand. Location: Usually near the pelvic flexure, right dorsal colon, or any section of the colon or caecum Strong Laxatives that stimulate intestinal contractions are not usually used to treat impactions as they may worsen the problem. Magnesium sulphate- adverse effects: dehydration, increased risk of diarrhoea., Fluid Therapy Depending on the cause of colic IV fluids may be needed for several days until intestinal function has returned, electrolyte concentrations are balanced and the horse can maintain fluid needs by drinking. Need is determined based on the location of the intestinal obstruction (scroll over), EQUINE COLIC Diagnosis based on diagnostic tests, Intestinal Lubricants & Laxatives A common cause of colic is due to intestinal obstruction with dehydrated ingesta sometimes mixed with sand. Location: Usually near the pelvic flexure, right dorsal colon, or any section of the colon or caecum DIOCTYL SODIUM SULFOSUCCINATE: -acts by drawing water into intestinal lumen. -more effective than mineral oil. -Give in small quantities 2 times 48 hrs apart (scroll over), EQUINE CASTRATION (scroll over) after POST OP, MEDICAL TREATMENT The type of medical treatment is determined by the cause of colic and the severity of the disease. Protection Against Components of Enteric Bacteria, Pain Relief In most cases of colic, pain is mild, and analgesia is all that is needed. In these instances, the cause of colic is presumed to be spasm of intestinal muscle or excessive gas in a portion of the intestine. If, however, the pain is due to an intestinal twist or displacement, some of the stronger analgesics may mask the clinical signs that would be useful in making a diagnosis., Pain Relief In most cases of colic, pain is mild, and analgesia is all that is needed. In these instances, the cause of colic is presumed to be spasm of intestinal muscle or excessive gas in a portion of the intestine. Narcotic analgesics: eg. Butorphanol -in large doses, narcotics can cause excitement, and the horse may become unstable. -combine with α2-agonist for longer analgesia, Intestinal Lubricants & Laxatives A common cause of colic is due to intestinal obstruction with dehydrated ingesta sometimes mixed with sand. Location: Usually near the pelvic flexure, right dorsal colon, or any section of the colon or caecum In most cases lubricants or fecal softening agents given through a nasogastric tube soften the impacted ingesta allowing it to pass, techniques CLOSED, SEMI CLOSED Includes Disadvantages (scroll over), Protection Against Components of Enteric Bacteria Damaged GI mucosa allows bacteria and their structural components to enter the peritoneum and subsequently systemic circulation Minimizing the effects of endotoxemia -Flunixin meglumine to reduce the production of prostaglandins. -Polymyxin B-preventing endotoxins from interacting with the horse's inflammatory cells. (scroll over)