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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Soil crusts, weeds can greatly alter soil environment, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover May facilitate germination & survival of native plants, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover provide conditions for plant growth, carbon and nitrogen (fixed from atmosphere) increases Soil fertility, Off-road vehicles cause Soil disturbance (more vulnerable when dry), Soil physical structure ???? Bind soil particles to create an aggregate surface, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover provide Soil stability (protect from wind and water erosion), Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover provide carbon and nitrogen (fixed from atmosphere), Bind soil particles to create an aggregate surface increase soil aeration water infiltration resistence to erosion, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover protect from erosion soil surface, moisture and nutrients more available recovery time hastened Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover may slow germination Exotic annual grasses, Dust trapping (surface roughness) increases Soil fertility, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover increases Dust trapping (surface roughness), Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover provide Soil-water relations (surface roughness), Fire kills Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover, Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover stops leaching of nutrients, Grazing cause Soil disturbance (more vulnerable when dry), Soil disturbance (more vulnerable when dry) damages Healthy Soil Crusts (cyanobacteria, lichens, mosses) occur in areas with sparse plant cover, leaching of nutrients maintains Soil fertility