Hypothesis 3)  Congenital Abnormalities


There are some bone deformities that are genetically associated.  Small breed 
dogs may be predisposed to developing joint and/or limb problems as these 
deformities affect normal growth and development of surrounding tissues.

Congenital patella luxation is commonly seen in small breed dogs, such as the 
pomeranian.  Abnormal pressure associated with the luxation can result in 
improper bone development.  Clinical signs can range from mild, soft tissue 
changes to marked skeletal abnormalities.  Clinical signs can increase with age 
as the longer the abnormal pressure is applied to the affected joint, the more 
severe the torsion and angular deformities will be.