Explanation of  Facts:

1. Injured left front leg: Locates the sight of the problem.
2. The leg is extremely swollen: This indicates inflammation in the limb.
3. Has been swollen since shortly after birth: This indicates that special care must be 
taken. Neonates have growth plates and other musculoskeletal considerations in terms 
of treatment.
4. 3 m.o., male, Limosine Bovine: This tells us who weÕre dealing with.
5. Calf is presently not using the limb well: Indicates the limb is probably not 
functional.
6. The limb is very crooked and still doesnÕt appear healed: This indicates that there 
have no improvements in the calfÕs leg.
7. Wounds on the leg that were present at cast removal that have not healed: This could 
indicate a possible immune problem.
8. Healthy otherwise and nursing well: This isolates the problem to the left limb and 
rules out potential systemic disease.
9.  Embryo transferred bull calf: This indicates that the calf should be normal regardless 
of the state of his dam.
10. Difficult delivery and the calf was pulled using obstetrical chains and a FrankÕs calf 
jack: This tells us the cause of the injury.
11. Left leg injured during that process: Again, this tells us the cause of the injury.
12. Left limb kept in a heavy bandage for one month: Explains the skin wounds because 
bandages should only be left on for 7 to 10 weeks at a time.
13. Some areas of skin fell off at about 2 weeks: This explains the skin wounds due to 
inappropriate bandaging techniques.
14. Half-limb cast for 3 weeks: This further exacerbates the wound situation.
15. Upon cast removal, the leg was uniformly enlarged and crooked: Leg healed wrong.
16. Calf hasnÕt used the leg since: Leg has not healed
17. Temp: 103, Pulse 120, Resp Rate 60: These values give us an indication of how the 
calf is doing.
18. Calf is dragging left front limb: Again, the limb is not functional.
19. Limb is swollen approximately 2 times the size of the normal limb: Further indicates 
the inflammation.
20. 2 granulation wounds on the limb: Lends potential for sepsis and infection.
21. Leg is unstable and crepitance is heard on manipulation: Leg is not healed correctly.
22. Area around the fracture is covered with pink epithelium: Indicates healing in the 
limb.
23. Draining tract on the dorso-medial side that oozes purulent exudate  upon 
manipulation: This further indicates infection.
24. Valgus deformity: Helps to better indicate the limb problem and how to fix it.
25. Calf is normal otherwise: Further isolates the problem solely to the limb.