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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Philosophy of Education, Locke 1632-1704 C.E. learning theory Rejected innate ideas. If ideas are innate, why do people have different ideas? Tabula Rasa: our experiences write on the blank tablet of our mind. There are primary qualities, physical things that can produce a definite mental image, and secondary qualities, things that are too weak or subjective to represent themselves in the mind., Behaviorism represented by Pavlov 1849-1936 C.E., Buber 1878-1965 C.E. philosophy I-Thou as opposed to I-It relationships. Mutual respect and dignity for all human beings., Behaviorism represented by Watson 1878-1958 C.E., "Learning begins with perplexion." Learning happens when a child is drawn into a situation that is incomplete. Provide the information necessary to test a hypothesis. No experience is possible without thought. No learning occurs without experience. Between thought and actions is reflective thinking which examines facts, beliefs, myths, etc. strongly influenced by Dialectical Change: thesis (idea), antithesis (realization), synthesis. Ideas are realized until perfection is realized., Education is the key to a better world. Many of the world's problems could be solved if proven methods of science were used. founded Beacon Hill School, Watson 1878-1958 C.E. philosophy Relied entirely on observation of behavior. Environment is the primary shaper of behavior. The nervous system, of which the brain is a part, coordinates sense with motor responses., There are two cities: the city of God and the city of earth. The two cities struggle against each other. The visible is real, and the invisible is real. All are motivated by love, either love of eternal things or love of earthly things. expressed idealism in City of God, Philosophy of Education as expressed in Pragmatism, Students are alive. Stages of learning: romance, precision, generalization educational philosophy expressed in The Aims of Education and Other Essays, Descartes undertook to find out what he could know with certainty. He decided the only thing he really knew was that he had doubts. Because he has doubts, he knows he has mind and, therefore, exists. this leads to Cartesian Dualism God created two kinds of reality: thinking substance and extended substance. Thinking substance is in the mind, subjective, emotional, consciousness. Extended substance: the physical world., Children should be raised in a natural environment and educated according to interest. described in Emile, Whitehead 1861-1947 C.E. generalization of inductive results associates Whitehead with Idealism, I-Thou as opposed to I-It relationships. Mutual respect and dignity for all human beings. educational philosophy In the teacher/student relationship there is empathy, sharing knowledge, feelings, and aspirations. Each is both teacher and student. They are on equal terms with respect to humanity., Existentialism represented by Kierkegaard 1813-1855 C.E., Marxism represented by Marcuse 1898-1979 C.E., Pragmatism represented by Darwin 1809-1882 C.E., Reconstructionism represented by Brameld 1904-1987 C.E., "Learning begins with perplexion." Learning happens when a child is drawn into a situation that is incomplete. Provide the information necessary to test a hypothesis. No experience is possible without thought. No learning occurs without experience. Between thought and actions is reflective thinking which examines facts, beliefs, myths, etc. strongly influenced by Darwin 1809-1882 C.E., Idealism represented by Socrates/Plato Plato: 427-347 B.C.E.