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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: GHO C-map Leaf copyright@, irregular-shaped cells with numerous large intercellular spaces, palisade layer is closely packed with long cylindrical thin-wall cells, palisade layer is above the spongy layer, spongy layer makes up the mesophyll layer, upper epidermis is covered by thicker layer of waxy cuticle, palisade layer has abundant chloroplasts, upper epidermis has fewer stomata, upper epidermis is above the palisade layer, lower epidermis has abundant stomata, mesophyll layer is above the lower epidermis, palisade layer makes up the mesophyll layer, waxy cuticle which protects leaf, lower epidermis covered by thinner layer of waxy cuticle, spongy layer is loosely packed with irregular-shaped cells, upper epidermis thickness is one cell thick, spongy layer has fewer chloroplasts