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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Hyrbid, faculty approach Congress for earmarks before approaching their program managers therefore (Modus Ponens) Earmarks are corrosive to science norms, If earmarks are the perogative of Congress and if earmarks are to continue to fund the science enterprise then we must assure the public the programs are high quality and if we must prevent permanent damage to the nation's scientific enterprise then we must assure the public that earmarks contribute to the agency's mission therefore (Modus Ponens) We must assure the public the programs are high quality, Earmarks will continue to fund the scientific enterprise therefore (Modus Ponens) We must assure the public the programs are high quality, If faculty approach Congress for earmarks before approaching their program managers and if Presidents believe they can show their value to the institution only by getting earmarks from Congress and if Congress does not use scientific criteria to fund earmarks then earmarks are corrosive to science norms therefore (Modus Ponens) Earmarks are corrosive to science norms, Immense growth in academic earmarking will permanently damage nation's scientific enterprise supports If earmarks are the perogative of Congress and if earmarks are to continue to fund the science enterprise then we must assure the public the programs are high quality and if we must prevent permanent damage to the nation's scientific enterprise then we must assure the public that earmarks contribute to the agency's mission, Earmarks exceed 50% at some agencies Therefore (Modus Ponens) If earmarks exceed 50% of an agencies budget then the impact of earmarks is to crowd out meritorious programs which is a bad impact, If we don't have data to decide when earmarks crowd out meritorious programs then we can't understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good Therefore (modus ponens) We don't understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good, Earmarks are corrosive to science norms Supports We must understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good, before immense growth in academic earmarking permanently damages nation's scientific enterprise (AU:Gobstein), We must assure public that earmarks contribute to the agency's mission therefore (Modus Ponens) We must assure the public the programs are high quality, We don't understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good disjunctive syllogism We must understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good, before immense growth in academic earmarking permanently damages nation's scientific enterprise (AU:Gobstein), Earmarks are the perogative of Congress therefore (Modus Ponens) We must assure the public the programs are high quality, We must prevent damage to the nation's scientific enterprise therefore (Modus Ponens) We must assure the public the programs are high quality, Presidents believe they can show their value to the institution only by getting earmarks from Congress therefore (Modus Ponens) Earmarks are corrosive to science norms, We dont' have the data to decide when earmarks crowd out meritorious programs Objects If earmarks exceed 50% of an agencies budget then the impact of earmarks is to crowd out meritorious programs which is a bad impact, We dont' have the data to decide when earmarks crowd out meritorious programs Therefore (modus ponens) We don't understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good, Earmarks exceed 50% at some agencies Therefore (Modus Ponens) The impact of earmarks is to crowd out meritorious programs which is a bad impact, Congress does not use scientific criteria to fund earmarks therefore (Modus Ponens) Earmarks are corrosive to science norms, We don't understand the impact of earmarks, bad and good disjunctive syllogism Immense growth in academic earmarking will permanently damage nation's scientific enterprise