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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Concept map of a research question, Policy involves the anticipation of events Therfore (Argscheme: mp) Prediction is of the utmost importance, LAM of the construction of a research question presented according to the rules and conventions of Logical Argument Mapping (LAM), Assumptions must be retested when extended to other cultures Therefore programs of action may undermine principles, If we will understand policy making, then we must understand the policy eco system. ???? Policy is a body of principle to guide action (Laswell, p. ix), inference rule therefore claim, If we will understand policy making, then we must understand the policy eco system. Then We will understand policy making, If the situation to be met involves a complex of moving forces then policy and action are a design to shape the future by exerting influence upon trends that flow from the past into the present. (Rothewell (intro to Lasswell), 1951, p. ix) Then The situtation to be met involves a complex of moving forces, Prediction is of the utmost importance Therefore ensuring course of action is more likely to achieve policy objective, If re-evaluation of assumptions is not conducted then programs of action may fail to advance the principles or may undermine the principles Therefore Programs of action may fail to advance principles, Assumptions need rexamination in light of changing knowledge of human relations Therefore assumptions have been adequately explored, The validity of assumptions are tested against the actualities of human relations where policy must be applied via a method Policy sciences provide criteria to test applicability of general principles in specific situations by the method of converting general principles into specific indices of action, If the assumptions have been adequately explored then the clarification of goals has been achieved therefore Clarification of goals is achieved, assumptions have been adequately explored meaning The validity of assumptions are tested against the actualities of human relations where policy must be applied, If the situation to be met involves a complex of moving forces then policy and action are a design to shape the future by exerting influence upon trends that flow from the past into the present. (Rothewell (intro to Lasswell), 1951, p. ix) Then policy and action are a design to shape the future by exerting influence upon trends that flow from the past into the present, prediction can be based upon reliable extrapolation of known trends Therefore ensuring course of action is more likely to achieve policy objective, Assumptions must be retested when extended to other cultures Therefore assumptions have been adequately explored, assumptions have been adequately explored meaning the validity of assumptions are tested against the values policy seeks to actualize, If Policy involves the anticipation of events then reasonably accurate prediction is of utmost importance Therfore (Argscheme: mp) Prediction is of the utmost importance, Assumptions need rexamination in light of changing knowledge of human relations Therefore Programs of action may fail to advance principles, If re-evaluation of assumptions is not conducted then programs of action may fail to advance the principles or may undermine the principles Therefore programs of action may undermine principles