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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Final Map, Scrupulous companies should support the development of a well-reasoned regulatory approach to the global market. supports The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity offers a unique opportunity to develop a well-reasoned regulatory approach at an early stage in the social application of a novel technology., If nanotech companies seek to sustain profits and maintain investor and shareholder confidence in a global marketplace and unscrupulous companies will attempt to exploit unregulated markets and try to take advantage of publicly funded research, then scrupulous nanotech companies should be looking for a way to establish fair competition in the global marketplace. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) Scrupulous nanotech companies should be looking for a way to establish fair competition in the global marketplace., [A]: International regulations need to be put in place that are tougher than individual country's policies on normal drug testing. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [X]: There exists a conflict of interest in public safety., The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity offers a unique opportunity to develop a well-reasoned regulatory approach at an early stage in the social application of a novel technology. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) Structures and processes that require nanotechnology health policymakers to routinely refer to norms of bio-ethics and international human rights should be created as matters of international and domestic law., Mandated normative coherence reasoning could make policymakers consider, develop, and implement regulatory mechanisms that allow a proportion of public nanotechnology investment in medical and human biosecurity applications to be recouped from a successfully marketed product that enjoyed substantial public start-up funding. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) Certain policies could encourage incentives for public and private research institutions to concentrate multi-disciplinary expertise in certain geographic clusters, [X]: There exists a conflict of interest in public safety. supports The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity will present important policy dilemmas., Certain policies could encourage incentives for public and private research institutions to concentrate multi-disciplinary expertise in certain geographic clusters therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) If certain policies could encourage incentives for public and private research institutions to concentrate multi-disciplinary expertise in certain geographic clusters, then the expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity offers a unique opportunity to develop a well-reasoned regulatory approach at an early stage in the social application of a novel technology., Examples include Medicon Valley around Copenhagen and Malmo in Sweden, Cambridge in the UK, Johns Hopkins University and Basel. example Certain policies could encourage incentives for public and private research institutions to concentrate multi-disciplinary expertise in certain geographic clusters, Another Example: The United States government has used public funds to establish the ISN, a research collaboration between the U.S. Army and MIT, allowing a government to ensure through funding guidelines that researchers and their private collaborators comply with guidelines and codes of conduct that ensure such research does not promote injustice or aggression in contradiction of bioethical and international human rights norms example Mandated normative coherence reasoning could make policymakers consider, develop, and implement regulatory mechanisms that allow a proportion of public nanotechnology investment in medical and human biosecurity applications to be recouped from a successfully marketed product that enjoyed substantial public start-up funding., [B]: There is a riskof DNA damage from engineered nanoparticles in medicines that were "fast track" approved and aggressively marketed directly to consumers. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [X]: There exists a conflict of interest in public safety., The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity will present important policy dilemmas. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity offers a unique opportunity to develop a well-reasoned regulatory approach at an early stage in the social application of a novel technology., If engineered nanoparticles are different than normal drugs, then international regulations need to be put in place that are tougher than individual country's policies on normal drug testing. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [A]: International regulations need to be put in place that are tougher than individual country's policies on normal drug testing., Engineered nanoparticles are different than normal drugs. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [A]: International regulations need to be put in place that are tougher than individual country's policies on normal drug testing., If [A], [B], and [C], then there exists a conflict of interest in public safety. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [X]: There exists a conflict of interest in public safety., If private entities often purchase and financially exploit the rights to intellectual property of initial research breakthroughs that may reasonably be viewed as having arisen from the cumulative efforts of whole communities, then there exists private exploitation of public-funded research and inequities in expenditure of public funds. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [Y]: There exists private exploitation of public-funded research and inequities in expenditure of public funds., [Y]: There exists private exploitation of public-funded research and inequities in expenditure of public funds. supports The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity will present important policy dilemmas., Initial research breakthroughs may reasonably be viewed as having arisen from the cumulative efforts of whole communities to support education systems and address health and security problems. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) [Y]: There exists private exploitation of public-funded research and inequities in expenditure of public funds., [Z]: There will be diminishing public confidence in government and science. supports The expanding use of nanotechnology in medicine and human biosecurity will present important policy dilemmas., Scrupulous nanotech companies should be looking for a way to establish fair competition in the global marketplace. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) Scrupulous companies should support the development of a well-reasoned regulatory approach to the global market., If scrupulous nanotech companies are looking for a way to establish fair competition in the global marketplace and a well-reasoned regulatory approach can provide this fair competition, then scrupulous nanotech companies should support the development of a well-reasoned regulatory approach to the global market. therefore (ArgScheme: modus ponens) Scrupulous companies should support the development of a well-reasoned regulatory approach to the global market.