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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: T Cells, Mature in Thymus undergoes Negative Selection: must not attach too strongly, Activation/Differentiation: phase 1 After signals have been released IL-2 causes T-cell to develop into memory and effector clones and recruits T-helpers, Activation/Differentiation: phase 1 Signals for naive T cell MHC-peptide must bind with TCR-CD3 also B7 must attach with CD28 as cosignal, Granzymes can be used to target capase enzymes to activate the apoptotic pathway ???? After destruction: Tc will dissociate after cell adhesion loosens, Conjugation: cell adhesion molecurles will be upregulated in a certain area in order to ensure a tight hold Different Killing Pathways Some lack Perforin and Granzymes, but can still cause apoptosis by triggering cell membrane proteins by the Fas/FasL pathway, Recogniton of antigen/Engage Target phase 2 ???? Conjugation: cell adhesion molecurles will be upregulated in a certain area in order to ensure a tight hold, MHC-peptide must bind with TCR-CD3 also B7 must attach with CD28 as cosignal this set off signaling pathway P56 will signal the ITAMS at bottom of Zeta chain to be phosphorlated, Will recognize MHC class II peptide from an APC T-helpers CD4+ IL-2 causes T-cell to develop into memory and effector clones and recruits T-helpers, Some lack Perforin and Granzymes, but can still cause apoptosis by triggering cell membrane proteins by the Fas/FasL pathway ???? After destruction: Tc will dissociate after cell adhesion loosens, IL-2 causes T-cell to develop into memory and effector clones and recruits T-helpers Now effector T-cytotoxic cells CD8+ Effector cells have already been activated, so they do not need the cosignal of the naive Tc, also express a higher degree of adhesion molecules, Conjugation: cell adhesion molecurles will be upregulated in a certain area in order to ensure a tight hold Different Killing Pathways Release of granules: Perforin is already formed and will be released, forms holes in target cell membrane, Conjugation: cell adhesion molecurles will be upregulated in a certain area in order to ensure a tight hold Different Killing Pathways Granzymes can be used to target capase enzymes to activate the apoptotic pathway, P56 will signal the ITAMS at bottom of Zeta chain to be phosphorlated ???? This exposes docking sites for ZAP-70, T-helper 1: Classic cell-mediated pathway ???? T-helper 2: Designed to help activate B-cells, Mature in Thymus if survive will leave and circulate as naive T-cell Activation/Differentiation: phase 1, Release of granules: Perforin is already formed and will be released, forms holes in target cell membrane ???? After destruction: Tc will dissociate after cell adhesion loosens, This exposes docking sites for ZAP-70 ???? This will cause transcription and translation of IL-2 and receptors, Mature in Thymus ???? More on T-Lymphocytes, Will recognize MHC class II peptide from an APC Two types T-helper 1: Classic cell-mediated pathway, Mature in Thymus undergoes Positive Selection: must recognize MHC self complex