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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: 11.1 CBL - Palpitations, premature atrial beat followed by compensatory pause, Phosphodiesterase contributes to increased cAMP, increased ventricular filling (diastole) characteristic of Starling mechanism, epinephrine via B2-adrenergic receptors, decreased O2 supply to brain contribute to light headedness, panic attacks associated with a rapid heart rate, epinephrine via B1-adrenergic receptors, "heart flutterings" follows no regular pattern, Opens L-type Ca++ channels causing increased Ca++ conductance, "heart flutterings" consistent with irregular ECG, sympathetic stimulation by epinephrine, increased force of contraction due to increased ventricular filling (diastole), Excessive caffeine intake which inhibits Phosphodiesterase, increased force of contraction which is perceived as "heart flutterings", incomplete filling of ventricles prior to contraction contributes to intermittent decreased ventricle output, irregular ECG showing premature atrial beat, decreased blood pressure contribute to light headedness, compensatory pause which leads to increased ventricular filling (diastole), increased cAMP which Opens L-type Ca++ channels, lasts up to 19 mins together lead to decreased O2 supply to brain