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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Gwen Bernacki's Concept Map, contractility increases with positive inotropic agents, venous return is directly affected by venous pressure, venous return is directly affected by blood volume, preload due to EDV is directly affected by venous return, heart rate decreases with negative chronotropic agents, contractility decreases with negative inotropic agents, stroke volume is inversely affected by afterload, heart rate increases with positive chronotropic agents, ESV inversely affects stroke volume, Cardiac Output is directed affected by stroke volume, venous return is inversely affected by intrathoracic pressure, ESV directly affects afterload, heart rate inversely affects filling time, stroke volume is directly affected by preload due to EDV, stroke volume is directly affected by contractility, Cardiac Output is directed affected by heart rate