oscillator which can produce a limited free-running output using only a resistor, a transformer, and a transistor

linear electronic circuit designed to pass the waveforms in certain frequency bands and to block those in other bands

difference between the actual analogue signal and the digital signal resulted from quantizing

time response of a physical quantity (voltage, current, or field strength)

time from the instant when the command for the switching is requested until the instant when the output becomes usable

oscillator whos output repeatedly alternates between two states with a cycle that depends on the charging capacitor

electronic circuit for communication

changing a given code into another code

conduction state of an electronic component

abrupt switching of a signal

electronic device which, by comparison, finds the difference between input signals

electronic device to measure time intervals

signal presented by the continuous voltage or current level

binary-weighted DAC producing the thermometer code

field of science, engineering and technology dealing with semiconductors and vacuum tubes

rotary electrical encoder built on a transformer intended for measuring a degrees of rotation

part of electronic circuit which current does not depend on the voltage

smallest change in the input digital signal which causes a perceptible change in the output

converter designed to be controlled in oscillation frequency through the voltage input

data transfer according to agreed conventions

frequency of samples taken from an analogue signal to make a discrete signal

ordered set of eight bits

bit of most significance within a code

sine wave generator based on the Wien bridge

ADC with the counter which output continuously tracks the input

electromagnetic radiation of very short wavelength, such as visible or ultraviolet light affecting an electronic system

switch which output changes in an opposite direction to the input

multivibrator consisting of two transistors connected by capacitive-resistive chains in a positive feedbacks

transmission line between several electronic devices using a common path, wherein devices are not involved in the transfer of data between other devices

DAC with compression

noise added to the analogue signal of DAC

sin.

class of logic circuits built from BJT and resistors which perform both the logic gating and the amplifying function

time indicating, keeping, and co-ordinating for electronic system operation

bit of the least significance within a code

electronic circuit whose input and output represent logic states, i.e. quantities which assume one value of a finite set of discrete values

process of division of analogue signal into a number of predetermined adjacent intervals presenting the digital signal

logic gate to implement an exclusive disjunction ("one or the other but not both") whos TRUTH output results if one, and only one, of the inputs is TRUTH whereas if both inputs are FALSE or both are TRUTH, a FALSE output results

electronic device for data processing, data acquisition, and data output

encoder which utilizes optical radiation

code that represents a natural number with the set of ones followed by a zero

electronic device for switching

code that represents a natural number with the set of ones followed by a zero

binary-weighted DAC with a repeating cascading resistors of values R and 2R

logic circuit with memory whose output depends not only on the present input but also on the input history

electronic device comprising components between two points of which a desired fraction of the applied voltage can be obtained

signal generator whose output is of the determined fundamental

table that describes logic operations on each combination of values taken by its logical variables

uniform scale of data notation whose ratio is two

oscillator comprising two transistors coupled by resistor-capacitor circuits connecting the input of each to the output of the other

sin.

operational amplifier behaving like a rectifier

sin.

optical encoder that provides cyclic output at rotation

sin.

electronic device that stores and retains data for subsequent retrieval

converter that converts a digital signal to an analogue signal

memory cell that has two stable states

expression used in logic operations that produces a Boolean constant, i.e. TRUTH or FALSE

code using of the binary scale

unwanted perturbation to the signal

DAC which contains an equal resistor or current source for each possible output of the thermometer code

ADC that uses a linear voltage divider with a comparator at each input level

modular, multistage amplifier with differential input and entire IC assembly with high amplitude ratio, high input impedance, and low output impedance

binary code with the successive values differed in only one bit

maintaining an output stability

coding method for numbers based on the decimal notation, with each decimal digit represented by its own binary code

part of electronic circuit made up of active components intended to present a high impedance

waveform of short duration with abrupt variation of current or voltage followed by a rapid return to the initial value

interconnection of electrical and electronic components

electronic device for changing one or more characteristics associated with signal or energy

blocking state of an electronic component

taking samples, usually at equal time intervals

multivibrator with two stable states

sin.

ADC which samples the output by a large factor and then filters it

optical encoder which pattern results from the disc position at any definite time

physical quantity (voltage, current, or field strength) carrying data

electronic circuit which allows the current to flow through the switches

converter that converts an analogue signal to a digital signal

property according which, when the input is higher than a certain level, the output is at high saturation; when the input is below a different (lower) chosen level, the output is at low saturation; when the input is between the two, the output retains its value

device composed of electrical and electronic components connected within the electronic circuit

logic gate producing logical negation, that is the TRUTH output at the FALSE input and vice versa

pulse that is utilized to coordinate clocking

sin.

input voltage capable for the comparator triggering

electronic device for production of signals with specified and usually adjustable characteristics

period of a repetitive waveform

state at which the controlled variable cannot be sensitively increased by increasing the input

system composed on electrical and electronic components or electronic devices

electronic component capable for attenuation without energy supply

signal generator of pulses

modulation where the pulse cycle is changed at the fixed pulse width and height

trigger with positive feedback and hysteresis performance

sin.

electronic component which meets for amplification or acts as a source of energy

sin.

electronic device that has a number of stable or unstable states, at least one being stable, whose triggering is initiated by the pulse applying

sampling the input signals and converting them into data

sin.

electronic device for coding

logical off-state constant used in logic operations

binary code with the bit weighting according to their positions

sampler that captures the analogue signal for holding during a specified period of time

negation of the OR gate presenting a TRUTH output if both the inputs are FALSE whereas if one or both input is TRUTH, a FALSE output results

dividing a data packet into smaller units

signal in which any value is represented by a single predetermined voltage or current level

adjustable electronic component comprising at least three layers of semiconductor and, occasionally, of other materials, which can be turned to the on-state and vice versa

modulation where the pulse height is changed at the fixed pulse width and cycle

member of a set of two elements, TRUTH and FALSE, commonly used to represent them by 1 or 0

lowest frequency of a periodic waveform spectrum

detector used for detecting the zero crossings of a waveform

SR flip-flop in which only one of the R and S inputs is enabled at any time, where the set input J is only enabled when the flip-flop is reset and reset input K - when it is set

position of the pulse front that corresponds the triggering event

process of restoring data from a code

logic gate that implements logical conjunction at which a TRUTH output results only if both the inputs are TRUTH whereas if neither or only one input is TRUTH a FALSE output results.

sin.

opposition of the AND gate behaving in a manner that a FALSE output results only if both the inputs to the gate are TRUTH whereas if one or both inputs are FALSE, a TRUTH output results.

flip-flop which output takes the value of the input D and delays it by one clock pulse thus it can be interpreted as a primitive memory

transmission line between two electronic devices using a common path

part of electronic circuit made up of passive components

representation of information in a formalized manner in electronic system

bipolar transistor controlled by a current flowing through the control terminal

modulation where the pulse width is changed at the fixed cycle and pulse height

electronic device for effecting an elementary logic operation

increasing of the signal to noise ratio in quantizing

sin.

multivibrator whose output becomes on-state for a specified time interval after the input has changed frm off-state to on-state

part of the successive approximation ADC designed to supply an approximate code to the internal DAC

part of the successive approximation ADC designed to supply an approximate code to the internal DAC

"set/reset" flip-flop in which activating the set input results in its switching to one stable state and activating the reset input results in its state change

DAC built as the voltage divider with the tapped resistor string

sin.

sin.

DAC containing one resistor or current source for each bit connected to a summing point

DAC whose analogue signal moves only in the direction that the digital signal moves

sin.

signal representation at a chosen instant

electronics dealing with pulses

ordered set of bytes which represents portions of data by a code

data represented by characters, symbols or other elements

oscillator that produces the sinisoidal waveforms

logic citcuit without memory whose output is a function of the present input

electronic device which converts the input into the samples

field of electronic engineering dealing with operations on or analysis of data

sin.

sin.

electronic circuit in which two circuit branches (usually in parallel with each other) are "bridged" by a third branch connected between the first two branches at some intermediate point along them

sin.

byte that holds the MSB

sin.

ADC whose input is sampled by a bank of parallel connected comparators

sin.

transition of electronic circuit from on-state to off-state and vice versa

position of the pulse back that corresponds the triggering event

converter that turns ac to dc

operation of logic circuit such that one and only one output corresponds to each possible combination of simultaneous inputs

ADC with a binary search through all possible quantization levels before finally converging upon an output

process by which a waveform is constrained to follow the characteristic quantity of another waveform

expression used in logic operations that produces a Boolean constant, i.e. TRUTH or FALSE

trigger that has two stable states

sin.

ADC built on resolver

bridge comprising four resistors and two capacitors for measuring component values in one arm by comparing them to known values by adjusting the other arms or changing the frequency of the voltage source

process of code designing

sin.

logic gate that implements logical disjunction where a TRUTH output results if one or both the inputs are TRUTH whereas if neither input is TRUTH, a FALSE output results

electronic device for assembling signals from several separate sources into a single composite signal

sin.

sin.

amplifying cascade

logical on-state constant used in logic operations

electronic device for decoding

byte that holds the LSB

connection of the output of one electronic component to the input of another

electronic device for discerning the existence or variations of signals

ADC with two or more stages where, at first, a coarse conversion is done, and in a second stage the difference to the input is determined by a DAC

electronic device which stores the number of times a particular event or process has occurred

sin.