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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: lab 2, Treatment of Lameness in Horses (Scroll over) Needles and Volumes For An Overview on Drugs, An Overview on Drugs Drugs commonly used for nerve blocking MEPIVACAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL, LIDOCAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL Drug duration of action Anesthetic effect of 30-45 minutes (), Treatment of Lameness in Horses (Scroll over) Needles and Volumes For Joint Blocks, Treatment of Lameness in Horses (Scroll over) Pharmaceutical Diagnosis includes An Overview on Drugs, Treatment of Lameness in Horses (Scroll over) Harmful effects of these Drugs/Process Contraindications, BUPIVACAINE HCl () () concentration : 5mg/ml Drug onset occurs slower, 30- 45 minutes, Treatment of Lameness in Horses (Scroll over) Needles and Volumes For Nerve Blocks, An Overview on Drugs Drugs commonly used for nerve blocking LIDOCAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL, LIDOCAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL Drug Onset occurs Rapidly, 5-15 minutes, An Overview on Drugs Drugs commonly used for nerve blocking BUPIVACAINE HCl () () concentration : 5mg/ml, BUPIVACAINE HCl () () concentration : 5mg/ml Drug duration of action Anesthesia effect lasts 4–6 hr.(), Contraindications Include 2)Joint Flare (Scroll Over), MEPIVACAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL Drug Onset 15 - 60 minutes, Contraindications May encompass 3)Articular cartilage degeneration/ steroid chondropathy (Scroll over), Contraindications Sometimes seen 1)Joint infections (Scroll over), MEPIVACAINE HCL 2% () concentration: 20 mg/mL Drug duration of action Anesthetic effect 90-120 minutes (), Contraindications Also encountered 6)Further Injury (Scroll over), Contraindications Rarely seen 5)Periarticular cellulitis (Scroll over), Contraindications Could also include 4)Corticosteroid Induced Laminitis (Scroll over)