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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Songs and Calls in Noisy Environs 112818 plus Pobok, increasing (raising) the frequency (pitch) of their calls / songs leading to an increase in amplitude (loudness), "Acoustic Interference" and marine mammals alter their calls, exhibited different changes depending on the condition experimentally begging calls louder and higher, marine mammals alter their calls for example Beluga Whales, "Acoustic Interference" that causes Signal Simplification, through the "Lombard Effect" of vocalizations which is defined as changing volume, pitch, rate, and duration of vocalizations in order to be heard, calls have been simplified so as to not miscommunicate or send inaccurate information to other individuals resulting in lower "cohesion" within the pod of dolphins (including mother-offspring interactions), changing volume, pitch, rate, and duration of vocalizations in order to be heard similar to a person trying to talk with another person at a noisy bar or social event., avoid the lower frequency of average ambient noise in order to avoid "signal masking" by ambient noise, birds alter their songs & calls for example European Robins, Signal masking leading to impairment of social communication, increasing (raising) the frequency (pitch) of their calls / songs in order to avoid the lower frequency of average ambient noise, impairment of social communication potentially lowering an individual's survival and reproduction (fitness), European Robins Which sing at night (instead of the day) because traffic noise is lower at night than in the daytime., less frequency modulated calls when boat noise increased meaning that calls have been simplified so as to not miscommunicate or send inaccurate information to other individuals, Animals in Noisy Environments must deal with "Acoustic Interference", marine mammals alter their calls by increasing (raising) the frequency (pitch) of their calls / songs, a specific frequency band for communication, 20 to 200 Hz, which is also that of vessel noise meaning that their effective communication exchange rate decreases, Bottlenose Dolphins decrease the complexity of their "whistle" calls (simplifying their calls), impairment of social communication potentially lowering the group's cohesion and recruitment of other individuals into the group