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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Case 3, Case 3 How Post-Op, Open Covered Castration With Emasculator: 1. Animal should be properly restrained as stated in Pre-Op. 2. Hands should be washed and clean wearing sterile gloves. 3. Area should be prepared as stated in Pre-Op. 4. Palpate scrotum to ensure the 2 testicles are descended. 5. Push testicles upward grasping the skin at the bottom of scrotum and remove bottom 1/3rd of the skin. 6. Carefylly remove facia from skin note that the testicles, spermatic cord and vessels are still in the vaginal tunic 7. Pull testicles dowand out of scrotum giving more access to spermatic cord. 8. Place Emasculator around spermatic cord of one testicle with the nut of instrument against the testicles of the animal (nut to nut). 9. This should be held clamped in place for atleast a minute. 10. If done correctly the cord would have been crushed higher up and at the bottom it would have been cut. 11. Repeat steps 8-10 on the other testicle. 12. After the procedure is done spray wound with Antibiotic spray or Screw Worm Spray or even iodine solution. Ensure that it does not go inside the scrotum. ???? ????, Drugs Commonly Used Local Anaesthetic: Lidocaine, Case 3 ???? Anatomy, Case 3 ???? Disadvantages, Drugs Commonly Used Analgesics: Flunixin Meglumine, Case 3 How Pre-Op, Observation ឈ hrs * Mild to moderate lethargy up to 24hrs after surgery. * Decreased appetite * Swelling and some drainage may be present., Case 3 ???? Precautions, Case 3 ???? Possible Complications & Solutions, Post-Op Farmer/Client Communication: * Animal should be allowed to move around to get exercise after castration to reduce chances of swelling (not too much since this way cause greater swelling). * Animal should be kept in a clean and dry area to prevent wound getting dirty/ contaminated and to prevent damage. * Animal should be kept away from other animals to prevent damage. * Wound can be sprayed with Tetravet Topical Antibiotic, Screw Worm Spray or Iodine on days after surgery based on observation, Pre-Op Drugs, Pre-Op Restraint: Secure animal's head with a halter or rope and case animal to lateral recumbency. Secure legs with rope and pull legs foward to expose scrotum., Observation ᡐ hrs * Swelling and drainage may still be present. * No drainage and swelling should be seen after 48 hours if seen a veterinarian should be contacted. * If any complications occur, a veterinarian should be contacted., Case 3 ???? Equipment, Post-Op Observation, Post-Op Drugs: * Iodine 3% * Tetravet Topical Antibiotic * Screw Worm Spray, Case 3 ???? Advantages, Case 3 How Intra-Op, Drugs Commonly Used Prophylactic Drugs: Penicillin