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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: 1stPaper_conceptDevelopment, point pressure (mechanotactile): we model What model? and how? paper 2: elbow JND test done. But the torque was delievered via palm (where a lot of pressure sensation located), Pressure & vibration(abrupt change) & touch -> skin torque -> muscle fiber/tendon How to differentiate/distinguish? vibration: anti-cogging + static condition on the neutral arm position, Pressure & vibration(abrupt change) & touch -> skin torque -> muscle fiber/tendon How to differentiate/distinguish? touch: not applicable, since the cuff always touchs, paper 2: elbow JND test done. But the torque was delievered via palm (where a lot of pressure sensation located) question so the phantom applied the vertical force at the palm?!?, With below two papers, I can setup a model where: 1) see if there is a relationship between the paper1, pressure JND and the paper2's conclusion 2) different simulation and testing with my setup (since it is direct drive) things to consider 1) arm section point-pressure JND vs. distributed torque over the cuff - would that mask? 2) distance of the point of application and different point force. (torque = point pressure *distance, yet it leads to a couple at a joint) 3) twist, how can we explain? 4) for above, this paper, try to avoid sleeve design: hard to compare/assume distributed pressure & point of application. simply comparing above, we can find the optimal design for the exoskeleton as well., point pressure (mechanotactile): we model What model? and how? paper 1: mechanotactile sensation over the hand/arm section, tells us the point-pressure JND, What makes it different from the force/pressure? receptors Pressure & vibration(abrupt change) & touch -> skin torque -> muscle fiber/tendon, paper 2: elbow JND test done. But the torque was delievered via palm (where a lot of pressure sensation located) question anticipated result: direct joint covers the "genuine" proprioceptive Unlike the point-pressure masked experiement above. It won't be that high resolution., Motivation? Physical Therapist exoskeleton for the motion training: Proprioceptive-aspect of motion training is effective. Currently those are performed in the force-field level. Force field level augmentation requires grounded / heavy apparatus. If we know just enough amount of joint torque to be corrected, it might be able to build a light-weight, portable exoskeleton. we measure the JND for different situation and that magnitude only are applied at that condition for the motion training. This way, ideally we minimize the motor power and thus leading to light weight and compact size. The pre-requisite step is : what kinds of receptors relate to these + what are the smallest amplitude to precieve., we measure the JND for different situation and that magnitude only are applied at that condition for the motion training. This way, ideally we minimize the motor power and thus leading to light weight and compact size. The pre-requisite step is : what kinds of receptors relate to these + what are the smallest amplitude to precieve. Hardware requirements 1. light-weight. customizable FOC for BLDC 2. wearable feature for the motor in no gear ratio 3. real-time updating the Rs, Pressure & vibration(abrupt change) & touch -> skin torque -> muscle fiber/tendon How to differentiate/distinguish? point pressure (mechanotactile): we model, What makes it different from the force/pressure? dimension-wise spatial, depends on the point of application, point pressure (mechanotactile): we model What model? and how? With below two papers, I can setup a model where: 1) see if there is a relationship between the paper1, pressure JND and the paper2's conclusion 2) different simulation and testing with my setup (since it is direct drive), we measure the JND for different situation and that magnitude only are applied at that condition for the motion training. This way, ideally we minimize the motor power and thus leading to light weight and compact size. The pre-requisite step is : what kinds of receptors relate to these + what are the smallest amplitude to precieve. future work: (actual motion training purpose) how to prove? first, we measure the JND for the special cases (through ISM), second, run the demonstration with the measured amplitude!